Cam-operated horn.



M'. R. 'HUTCHISON GAM OPERATED HORN. APPLICATION FlLED MAY 16, 1907.

Patented May 25, 1909.

- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

M. R. HU'I'GIVIISON.- GAM OPERATED HORN. APPLIUATION FILED MAY 1a, 1907.

s-sn1zm 2.

Patented May 25,

3 SHEET M. R. IIUIGHISQN.

CAM OPERATED HORN. APPLICATION IILBD MAY 16, 1907.

Patented May 25, 1909.

` To all whom 'it may concern:

MILLER REESE HUTCHSGN, OF SUMMIT, NEW JERSEY.

GM-OPJERATED HORN.

' no; essere] application filed allay 16,

y Beit known th at i, MILLER Rasen Huron- IsoN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Summit, inthe county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented cerf tain new and useful Cani-perated Horns, of

` which the following is a specification.

' ynals,

' lg duced byamechanieallv agitated diaphragm. v

' My present invention concerns horns, siga arms, etc., wherein. the sound is pro- It includes certain novel features of construetion and operation whereby the power neces to produce vibrations of high velocity sa anilgreat amplitude may he a )plied to' a diaphragm to produce sounds o intensity and carrying power, such as are necessary to make i 1 the device useful for purposes now served hy automobile and launch horns, or h v steam hoat,locom.otive, and factory whistles, or h v fog horns for light houses,

An elastic diaphragm is a, very efficient 1ni strument when proportioned and used for its carrying power both varv with the amplitial and elahtic stresses.

very delicatel Work, as in the telephone and phonograph, where the 4diaphragm ipoveinents are of extremelysmall amplitude proln the case ever, the desirable qualities and methods of operation are very dilleient, since the elastic stresses may be so great that it becomes an important object to get enough sound out of the instrument Without 'breaking the da phragm or driving mechanism. l believe .l

. ain the iirst to produce such conditions and to, obviate the practical difiiculties involved therein.

l ind that the loud'iiess ci" the sound and tude and velocity of the {move-ment of the diaphragm, liu practice, great amplitude is easiest obtainable with a low note, buttoo `low a note is not effective in exciting the human ear. lt usually involves increased weight in the vibrating parts, and this tends to cut down the velocities which can beattained Without developing destructive iner note,.it is difficult to vet great amplitude, and, in practice, l find that the desired notes or frequencies of vibration lie within certain definite limits. I also rind that for fre uencies Within those limits, the diameter, t iiclness, and weight of the diaphragm are suhjcct Ato certain limitations which' vary With the strength, elasticity, and weightof the materials available for the diaphragm, and

Specification ol' Letters Patent.

With too high araienteaiaay as, isos. i907. Vsensi no. eresie.

for any diaphragm of" given dimensions, the am litude of vibration which is possible, Wit out exceeding a given safe linut of elastic tory portions of the dia hragm spring as a whole in one direction, tlian when thevibration consists mainlyoi'v ripples or ventral segments, which cause different portions of the surface to move simultaneously in opposite directions. Hence, I prefer to arrange the diaphragm displacing member so as to ap ly the ovver mainly in producing the bodily disp acement of the diaphragm, so that an high frequency vibrations are merely secon ary or incidental.

In in v prior application, Serial 305,933, tiled March 14th, 1906, l have disclosed various ways olmechanically applying ample power to e'ect suchbodily displacement of the diaphragm to the required distance and at the required elocity. In connection with Figure Q thereoi, I have dis closed a rotary displacing memher having cam surf aces formed on smooth curves of low pitch and contacting with a comparatively low contact member on the diaphragm.v Such cam arrangement isincluded as part ol' the broader subject matter of my present invention.

Mv present invention further contemplates employing a cam having' a thrust or dynamic reaction sutiiciently direct to give a large resultant,perpendicular to the surface of the diaphragm and preferably also lavoiding rougi-mess or corrugation of the contacting the scraping which tend to take effect in a I lind that the cam may he designed and arranged to effect oodihY displacement oi' the diaphragm through the required perpendicu lar distance at the required high ,velocity with a minimum if lateral thrust, and yet to get out of the. irais of the diaphragm rapidlyY enough to permit the Vdesired velocity' of elastic return-thereof andto repeat these operations with sucient rapidity to generate a note of the frequency desired in the alarm.

jbility of doing this, and also that l ani `the first to design', construct contact piece capable of doing it. The cam is preferably of' low operative pitch on the advancing side, and the corresponding contact surfaces on the diaphragm spia stress, is very much greater'when the viora-i I believe I am the iii-st to discover the desirasurfaces. therehy minimizing the friction and direction more iiearljiY parallel with the diaand operate a cani and are preferably iii or near the plane of the diai pliragni. 'in practices it is found desirable to I arrange a specially desi ned hardened contact surface on the diap iragm. The rotary cam can be more conveniently arranged for getting out of the way of the return movement of the diaphragm when this contact piece is made in the form of a projection, its altitude being preferably determined bjv the amplitude of vibration of the diaphragm. The shape of its surface of contact with the rotary member and the ratio of its altitude' to its base should be such that the lines of thrust or dynamic reaction er endiculai' to said surface of contact, wil fal within the base of the projection and preferably as near as possible to the center thereof, though these features will vary greatly with the design and relative arrangement of the contacting surfaces and with the practically permissible diameter of the base of the. diaphragm projection. j

By having the engaging surfaces similari j; or correspondinglj7 shaped, or, so to speak, parallel or adapted for straight line contact, a desirable type ofengagement for the pres ent purposes is secured.

The advantage of having the line of thrust j or dynamic reaction fall within the base of the projection is that in such ease the thrust operates as il' applied within the plane of the base at the point where the line of thrust intersects such plane, Whereas when the line of thrust falls outside of the base, there is a positive pull of the diaphragm toward the cam on the opposite side of the point of attacliuient, and by reason of -the arrangement of leverages, this pull on one sido is added to the normal thrust of the cam on the other side, therebj proi'luring a distinct reverse bend of the diaphragm, the crests of which are localized at diametrically opposite points of engagement with the base of the projection. v

lt will usually be found desirable to make the diameter of the base large, so that thrusts at a considerable angle will lvet fall within the pressure on the diaphragm surface. At the saine time, the base cannot be extended indefinitely because. of thel objectionable iucrease of weight and because when thc'diapliragm is clamped at points too fa r from the center, the edge of the base tends to produce localized bends, which breali the diaphragm. B vreunding oil' the base toward the periphery, the latter difficulty is lessened. Such rounding should not be great enough to seriously decrease the effective diameter of the contact of the base with the diaphraofm. lf sufficiently slight, an)r bending of the dialiragm brings more remote -poi ions of the )ase into full bearing thereon. .i i, "If the cam" contact face of the diaphragm rejection is formed on a segment of a circle ying in the plane of movement ol the cam and with the center of the circle ving within the plane of the diaphragm, the dynamic re- 'action of the cam will take effect as if applied in the plane of the diaphragm at the center thereof, and hence does not tend to produce tilting of the projection or reverse bendingy of the diaphragm.

It will be understood that each of the above described factors mutually contribute in varying degrees to the production of thc desired result, and that while theoreticall)v it would be referable to perfect each and all of them to t e greatest degree, the exigencies of practical operation require, andthe theory permits, that there be considerable variation in one part, provided it bc compensated for by greater perfect-ion of form or arrangement of some other part of the combination.

ln practice, the above principles may be embodied in a device wherein the diaphragm is positively displaced out of normal on the same side of norn'ial by each cam projection, so that each bodilv displacement of the diaphragm causes a clearly dened acoustic iinpulso or wave of great amplitude and carri'- ingy power, and these waves or impulses succeeding' each other, constitute a note of a pitch determined b f the number offcain contacts per second. Application of vthe power in this wav gives a movement of the diaphragm which involves eomparativeljv smooth, regular flexure of the material and thus causes the least possible breakingr stress for a given amplitude of movement.

()ne embodiment of mg.' invention involves repeating the positive displacement and elastic return in continuous succession at such rate as to produce a note the frequency7 of which is determined by the time required for the elastic return of the displaced portions of the diaphragm.

Another embodiment of. my invention involves makinrthe velocity of the mechanical displacement approximateljthe same as the velocity of the elastic return. the base, and also to afford an adequate surface of contact lor sufficiently distributing:

Another embodiment of in v invention iiiolves ina-kine; the velocit)Y of the mechanical displacement more rapid than the velocit',Y of the elastic return.

From the above it will be seen that lA prefer to appl),v the power to force a unitary bodily movement of the. diaphragm, as a whole, in one direction, the production ol' some degree of high frequency vibration and noise being' mei-elf, incidental, while in prior wheel operated alarms the power is applied to strike the higher frequencies. Neither the directions nor times of its application bear any definite relation tofbodily movement, and', ift'liere is any'bodiijv movement, it is wholly incidental and insignificant.

niv present invention also contemplates a new organization ol parts particularly adaptsymmetrically in hoth directions from the senate ed `for application to any desired art oie ve# l hiclc or boat.y lt also .coiiteinp atcs a corr i,

structural improvements '1 surface.

` like iront and rear faces, the diaphragm proi jection may tollenv the cani throughout the sidcralile ii iiiiiiicr olf cooperating to constitute a practical device adijipted to stand the wear and tear under all conditions oi use.

llei'errii'igi' to the drawings: lll'ig'. 1 is a' section oi one i'orni oi my device; Fig. 2 isa fragniental section oi' the saine at right anales to the View in Fig.' l; Bis a detail frag mental view showing aiiothm' form of cani.

- with the horn and iront wall removed; avertieal broken section near the line YMY, f f Fig. 7; and Figs. 9 and V10 are details of the diaphragm and c ain contact piece on the da.

Fig. 3 is a diagram ot' an electric driving mechanism. Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively side and iront elev ations ol' a inodiiled form of the device, Fig. 6 is a section on the line KWK, Fig. Fig; 7 a face View of the .ease

phragrn Figs. 1.1 and 12 are iront and rear views oi a niodiiied drm/ing nieclianisni for the flexible shaft; Fig. 13 a vertical section .on the line`Z-Z, Fig. 12; Fig. 1.4 a detail on Fig. 13; Figs. 15 and 16 are details oi a modiiieation.

. ln the torni' shown in 1 and 2, an aini pliiier or resonating horn 1 is suitably secured to a casiiigl. Between the horn and casing is a vibrator or diaphragm 3, which in addition to itsviloratory function, forms with the f casing 2 a resonator or amplifying chai-uber Li.

The diaphragm 8 is vihrated hy rotary cam 5 formed with regularly spaced cam projections lthe sides oi each projection being similarly and symmetrically curved, so that the cam is adapted to rotate in either direction. The diaphragm is provided with a dan phragni projection 3, formed with contact surfaces which are inclinedl similarly and apex thereof. By reason of the symmetrical formation of the cam projections on the rotary cam and ci the Contact surfaces on the diaphragm. projection, the device is adapted for operation in ,i whichever direction the rotary cam may happen to he driven. '.he inclination or opthe.

erative pitch oi' hot-h members is low, so that the lines of thrust perpendicular to the surfaces of the cam, and diaphragm projection,

at points Where the Y come into engagement with cach other, ,will fall within they hase oi.

projection.

As will be seenlironi Fig. 2,-the caio sur f faces 5 arc formed with alternate concave depressions and convex projections with interveningsurfaces of smoothly graduated rate of change of pitch. The proj ettions are y rounded and the vibrator may he actuated by rotation of the cani in either direction. The symmetrical. curving of the rear side of the cani projection serves to gow ern thc rate of return. iiiovenieiit oi' the diau phragni when the caiii'is rotated at a speed sie. s'

.spring 21 may be provided for i l i which is not so high as to throw the diaphragm contact entirely ciear ol' the cam With a symmetrical cani having vibration of the diaphragm.

The cani inay 'oe secured upon a sleeve 6 journaled in hearing 7 formed on a bracket 8, the yiattei lacing secured to a shoulder 9 of the casinoF 2 by the bolts 10. Spacing plates 9 of diierent thickness may be inserted between hearing'bracket Send shoulder 9 to vary the extent to which the path of theretating; cam projection will intersect that of the contact fac-e on the diaphragm, thus varying; the amplitude ci displacement of the diaphragm. The cani may be rotated in any desired manner from any desired source cf power but the engagement is preferably frictions-l or non-positive, allow-r ing the speed of rotation of the cani to adjust itself more or less to the speed of the diaphragm; As shown infFig. 1, it is connected With-a friction Wheel 11 hy a iiexible shaft 1 2, which enters the casing 2 through a hearin Y cairying sleeve 6, as by a ferrule shaft 6 and ley a pin 14. The friction wheel 'l1 is ada ted to engage a ily wheelv or shaft or any ot er rotating part, preferably rotated hy the prime motor oi' the automobile or launch.

Such rotating part is diagranimatically indicated at 15.

ln order that' the'hiction wheel may he at `all times under tht` control of' the operator so that the diaphragm may be Vilirated and the horn sounded at will, the friction wheel 11 may he mounted in a movable journal 16 for movement into and oirt'fof contact with the part 15.

The journal 16 may he carried hy a reci rocating member 17 slidahly held in a guide 18, which may he in the form of a bushing secured by a nut 19 as shown. A collar or other stop 2() may Yhe employed to limit movement away from the driver, and a normally lioldingthc arts in retracted. position. A fixed brake s ioe 22 may he arranged to hear upon 11 in the retracted position to prevent prolonged dyingaway eflect of the sound in the horn when the power is shut ofi,

The recij'iiocatini,Y iiiciiilier 17 isv rovidcd with a head 23 arranged in a anita .le position for control by the o ieiator, preferahly in the floor 18 within rcac of the-foot.'

In Fig.' 3 is shown ii. iiiodiiication of Vthe mechanism for agitating the diaphragm 3 in sleeve 13 and is secured within the disk icc which the cam disk 5 is attached to the shaft of an electricinotor 25. Within the case 2,

Cir

, reversible as 'to for igniting the engine or, if desired, a small generator driven from any desired rotating point of the engine may be used as the source of power. As shown, circuit leads 26, 27. connect the motor with the battery 2S, through an adjustable series impedance 3() and any desired number ol parallel circuit closers 29, the closure4 of any of which will serve to start the motor and sound the horn.

ln Fig. 3 l have shown the rotating disk provided with two cams 32,32 engaging the cani projection 35, secured to diaphragm 5l by screw threaded projection 33 and lock nuts 34, but in the present embodiment of my invention l prefer a larger disk with a greaternumber of cams and a lflatter cam proitiection. l also prefer to have the rain sur ace symmetrical, as shown in the other forms hereof, Where the cam is likely to be driven in either direction of rotation. l/Vhere the power is always applied in one direction, however, the cam surface on the rear side of each projection may be entirely cut away, as shown in said Fig. 3, Without materially altering the operation of the device, especially Where the speed of rotation and the spacinif of the projections are sui-.li that the rate oi displacement by the cani approximates the natural rate of elastic return oi the diaphragm.

By reason of the` comparatively great amount of power available and also because of the advantageous manner of applying the saine through true cams, the diaphragm may f be made of relatively greater diameter and stiffness. It may be clamped orit may be putunder buckling stress that its conter normally lies out of place to a slight degree, or it may be a plancsheet elastica-ily supported at its edges and arranged to be' normally free troni stress.

ln' Figs. 4 to S inclusive, l have shown a desirable arrangement ol horn, diaphragm,

ment to the dashboard of an automobile, the construction being so lar symmetrical and ermit of' convenient attachment on either t ie right hand or the left hand of the vehicle. This device includes a brass or other casing 40, drilled toreceive screws 41, 42, 43, which hold the iront le to the back 4() by nuts 45, 46, 47. The horn 48 is attached tothe front 44 and is supported thereby. The entire device is supported by a bracket 49 attached to the dashboard or other support by bolts and nuts 5l), 51. The flexible shaft 52 transmits the power from the source to the rotating cam.

The diaphragm 53, preferahl y consisting of or plated with non-corrosive material, is held between cork or other washers 54 and 55,

which are clamped between the case sl0 and front del by the screws 13, 42, These Washers provide a. properly cushioned supi 1 i i l i i l i l 1 i i spect to the diaphragm shcu eeaofie l ol' rotation without producing unnecessarily violent stresses of the diaphragm. The cam 5i?) is attached to or is part ot a hollow spindle 65, rotating in the bearing 66, and actuated by shaft 52, through the ferrule 67 and the pin 68, which secures the latter to the hollow spindle 65.

The cani piece or anvil on the diaphragm, consists ol a piece of sell-hardening steel rod G9, secured in a soit metal support 70, prefeinbly by hammering the material of the latter into close engagement therewith. The support 7() is in turn attached to the dia phragni by :i Washer 7 l over which the end oi' the sol't metal support 70 is riveted, as 7F. 59 islet into 7() in such manner as to make it iinpossible for the softer metal of 7 0 to come into contact with cam 59. ll desired7 the cani piece G9 may be made free to turn in 70 so as to present 'fresh surfaces or to act a roller bearing. The surfaces et 7 and 71 adjacent to the diaphragm 53, may be conve); to prevent shearing action thereon. As cani 59 revolves, the anvil 69 follows more or less closely the curvature of surw laces 61 62, etc., causing the diaphragm 53' to be bodily displaced in a direction'substsnu tially normal to the plane thereof, ivliichin ln practical operation, the longitudinalaxis ol' the cani piece 69 of the diaphragm 53, and cam actuating means adapted lor attachl to the diapliragin, shall talic eii ect longitudi- V nally of the grain in the direction-ol greatest strength of thellber. Otherwise the steel of the diaphragm is more likely to crack or break. I

'lhe location ol the rotary cam with re- Ad be accurately predetermined or adjusted in order to secure a desired volume of sound Without' causing port for the diaphragm, and also serve to i too great destructive edeets on the dia-@3U bracket 66, which is hinged y ao g faces between. 65 and 66.

ydetermined and made constant," by

'f'i'om the axis oin the rotary cam 59. When it is desirable tosecure adjustable regulation, the journal of the rotary cam is formed in a at one end 73 upon e nin 74 passing through lugs 75, 7 (i, and secu-red hy'asplit pin 77. ln order that this journal bracket may be reversible, the two ends 7 3 7 3 lare each drilled to receive thepin 74 and are each formed. with seats' for thc spring 7S. The bracket (5d-being pivoted at one end, the free end 73"L is spring pressed backwardly by spring 78, engaging lugs 79 and 80, on casing 40. The extent of this rearward movementis determined and set by adjusting screw 81 threaded into the back side of the case at 82 and bearing upon 66. By these means the c'am. 59 may be ad justed nearer to or farther from Ythe diaphragrn cam surface 69,. The length of the screw 81 is such that the head thereof will come in contact with the case before the rotary cam will be forced so close to the dia phragni to endanger the saine. Locking `nut 82 is provided for locking screw 8i in any desired, predetermined position.

The device is thoroughly .lubricated by means of the oil cup 83, secured in threaded lu 84. The oil flows therefrom through pipe 85 and drips into the hollow spindle 65, then through oil way do to the bearing sur- From this point some of it passes by centrifugal force out to the eripherv of the cam, passing between 'the iaces of the rotating and 'fixed elements until it reaches the side oi' the cam whence it passes outward of its lace the remainder iiowing or draining downwardly, thereby lubricating the remainder of the hearing surace.

The hole for the attachment di' the oil cup is exactly similar to and symmetrical with that 'for attachment of the flexible shaft, so that the location of these parts may be reversed when it is desired to attach the horn to the left side of the ('lael'ihoard, instead oi' the right side.

Referring to Fig. 7 wherein the oil cup 83 is at the top and the drive shaft 52 at the bottom of the casing, it will be seen that to adapt the deviceior location on the dashboard on the opposite side of the machine,

it mityhe tnrned upside down, so that the bracket 49 projects to theleit instead ot to the right. The operating parts may then be reversed by unscrewing the oil cup 83 from the threaded opening 8d and unscrewing the coupling 87 from the threaded opening S8 4and disconnecting the iiexible shal't 52 from the ierrule 67, the iront 44 and diaphragm 53 bein removed to facilitate this operation. The ep 't pin 77 ie then withdrawn from the'pivot 74 and the latter withdrawn from eea-cee mining the distance of the 'cam .enrfa'leir9-- Vtlrie""oeariugs 75, 76 and end 73 of bracket 66. The, bracket atto earrying the cam 59, may then be reversed end for end, and the )in 74 vreplaced and locked into position hy split pin ,77. The sprin 78 will then bear upon the tree end 7 3 anc adjustment will he effected by screw Si, as before.

and shaft 52 connected; the d1aphragrn washers, and front 44 'will then he replaced," and the device will be in complete order for operation in the reverse position.

As the open end of the horn is usually pre sented in the direction of movement of the vehicle or launch, it is desirable to have drain openings at 89 and 90 so as to ail'ord an outlet lor any water or small particles of dirt which may tend to collect between the diaphragm 53 and the iront ed. By having two such drain holes, one at the top and the other at the bottom ol' the casing, there will always beone ol' them in operative position whichever side oi the device happens to be downward in normal operation.

For some special purposes, as where a note oi' very high pitch is desired, the durability of the diaphragm ma' be made subservient to the results to be achieved. in such cases, in order to remove all load/iron1 the dia phragrn, l form the cani projection 9d inte gral with the diaphragm 'hy bending the material thereof preferably transversely of the grain, after the manner shown in Fig. loer Such a projection ma be as flat and smooth as desired, and in this way it is possible to maire the displacement of the diaphragm by the cam almost perfectly with practically no resultant lateral stress acting parallel with the surface of the diaphragm to reduce reverse bending thereof. Moreover, y ymaking the bent up projection conform to the surface of a cylinder hawing its axis in the plane of the dia phragm after the manner shown in Fig. 15, the altitude oi the projection is about onehalf the effective diameter of the base, and the projection may be made oi considerable height, or the power may siderable angle, and yet the Ime of thrust will always pass directly through the center ol the base oi the projection. The difficulty with this device is that Athe material of the diaphragm can seldom be made oi hard enough material to stand up under the wear an hammering of the rotary cam. rllhe 'latter disadvantage may be oiset in some cases by u T he oil cup 83 will then be screwed into threaded opening 88 radial oi thelatter beapp'lied at a conn y ico the advantage ol' having a diaphragm l'ree -irorn all load.

The diaphragm may be. o1" skin, perchment., wood, ber, glans, board, or otherdesired material, because the method of opere-- tion of the device does not require the mete-1 rial to be magnetic, amount of power may be applied through the rotary carin ree and almost any desired'V 'y inannerindicatedf in Figs. 1, 2.,

An -i'rregularinotejniny be produced by' ihaving the proiectionsof the cam irregularly spaced or vby raving theln arranged eccentrically of the axis. Various concordantf effects may be produced by regular spacing.

14, wherein the shaft 52 is shown connected to a'pulley 110, journaled in the hanger.111, which is adapted'to be secured to any desired support 112 adjacent a rotating part of the engine, such as the flywheel 113, in such manner as to permit the pulley 1.10 to be'v thrown into and out of contact with said ily wheel.

In the specific form shown inthe drawings, the base 114 is secured to the support 112 by screws115, 116. This base is provided with a cylindrical pivot or projection 117 upon which the'hanger 111 is mounted to swing, said cylindrical projectionbeing f formed with a screw thread 118 for engaging means of a nut 123 and key 124.

a nut 119 and washer 120. .ln the lower end of the hanger is journaled the hollow shaft 121. Upon the projecting end 122, of shaft 121, is secured the friction wheel 110 by This shaft is provided with transverse pins 125, engaging a slot 126 in a coupling piece 127. Into the recess 12S in the rear end of said coupling is soldered the 'fiexible shaft 52. The flexible projecting cover for iiexible shaft is secured to a sleeve 129, which screws over a screw threaded boss 130 on the rear of the bearing.

The preferred means of swinging the hanger -111 to throw the friction wheel 110 intoand out of contact with the Il v wheel 113 is an upward extension or lever arm 131. This arm may be integral with the hanger 111, but I prefcr'the construction shown 1n.

the drawings wherein the arm 131 is mounted upon the pivot 117 and is coupled in fixed angular relation to the hanger 111 by means ofthe bolt. 132 and nut 133 passing through a lregistering hole in the integral projection l134 of hanger 111. The lever arm Y1.31 is controlled by a retractile spring 135 acting to move said arm in one direction and the chain 136 acting'to move it in the other.

I preferably arrange the spring 135 so that it will normally tend tp hold. the friction wheel 110 out of engagement with the fly wheel 113, the chain 136 being used toeffect a positive movement of the friction wheel 110 in the opposite direction whenever it is desired to sound the horn, but this is not essential. ln order that this .driving mechbe actuated after the anisin may be applied at any moet convenient oint about the periphery' of the ily whee lthe projection 13.4 is provided with any de sired number of bolt holes 1 3?, 138, 139, 140, etc, so that the lever arm 131-may be secured in any desired angular relation to the bange .11 by merely shifting the bolt 132. By these-means it is possible-to arrange matters so that a'convenient support 112 may always be found and at the same time the direction of the pull of the chain 136 may be kept normal to' the lever arm 131. T he oil cup 141 supplies the bearing in 111 as indicated in Figs. 12 and 13.

l prefer to arrange brake shoes 142, 143, on opposite sides of the pivot 117, so that theI friction Wheel 110 will be swung into contact therewith immediately u on being thrown out of4 contact with the iiay Wheel 113-. By this arrangement thesound of the horn is stopped almost instantly upon release of the chain 136, thus avoiding a proloneed, dying away of the note of the horn. Uner normal conditions, but one of thel brake shoes will be used, but by providing two oftlrem, the range of use of .the device is increased, since it may be used oneither side. of the driver, either side up, facing either forwardly or rearwardly, and yet, however arranged, there will always be a brake shoe in operative relation thereto.

The periphery'of the friction wheel 11() is formed with grooves 11.0@ and ribs 1101, so that thc-ribs may come into close frictional contact with the surfacev of the fljyiwlteel 113, and any lubricant or other foreign inail-. T

ter on such surface will bev squeezed into the grooves l at the point of such contact. Moreover, the high speed of the pulley will tend to throw ofi` such matter from the surnmit of the ribs by centrifugal force before it becomes sufficiently accumulated to fill the grooves. it will be obvious that instead of the fly wheel 113, I may employ any suitn able driving mechanism, it being for-many purposes preferable that said member be operated by hand or by other means.

One way` of getting a very desirable proportion and .operation of the cani which will give goed sound effect with minimum were on the `diaphragm. is as follows: A dia los phragin is selected of a diameter, thickness,

am@i elasticity suitable to the pitchi and long ness of the note to be i reduced. Such a diaphragm will usually yibrate readily in ripples or segments of almostany frequency,-

but when forcibly bent, as a whole, in one c 1- rection, has a fairly definite natural time of" free elastic return, and greater-'amplitude of fi.

movement, with less powerl and less wear and tear, may be obtainedwhere part-ofv each vibration is. forced and part of itiisff'ree and the forced part of thev successive vibrations oceur att-.intervals harmonizing with the time required Jfor the free parts-of. the

iniovenientf @an'extem sufficient to prevent swingef the n diaphragm on both sides of norma f com contacts he eaueed to oef-.ur too irel` sometimes do this@ tion, though not the hest.y

. so that its operative throw f 'proximeteiy in. such the note for aA ,given diaphragm inirjhe varied within eer min limits hy varying 'the port oi the more nient that is forced, Thot the forced p in't o the movement is'preieruhly not vox-led to l. il the quently, theyl willi intercept. the Meetic re-- tiirn moveinentoithe diephregm end egein kiorcihiy drive it ootweriiliieiore it hes coni- 2 amplitude 'o vihretion.` The cem surfaces sl'ioold be lone; end smooth, eo se to heve'iow `o retire pitch, sobiect .to the limitations tk et yprcticellv tooierge e cern Clisi( .is undesirable end too low pitch ofthe surieces will involve excessive peripheral speed in' order to getthe required amplitude end number oi vibrations per second. Such l `f epeed'inoy he diiiiciilt to ettein hy the mo cem mari' then he adi f on the dniphregm, so

tive ineens eveiiehie, and even if attained,

the weer upon the cem piece o 4he diephregin moy he exeessive hecense oithe high veiocitgy" necessari' to produce anote of thedesire-d pitch. Subject tok these limitations,y e cem of reasonable diameter and peripheral speed may ylie seiected herring ra gradual' ldi.epleceinent or lii't with very gradual retesof change oi' lift.

that n cem projection of ythe iritih selected will drive the die phragm/e suiiicient distance to give the f 'desired nnnilitude oi' movement.

kmay he nrde to rein ein letter so that their operative The cern niece or anvil on the diaphragm' in Contact wlth the com surfaces et all times by designing the "of rgulii for e, given speed eorrerPond apkproxinetely to the empiitudeen( rates of chantre of velocity of neturfii movement of they diaphragm. in suc-h cese, the diephrogm Wiil he forced outwardly from its normal position, end will then be permitted to swing backwerdly towerd normal end, if desired, to e distance on the opposite side .of normal. Any cem may he moy he driven et such high rete that the diaphregm contact will be ti'irown cleer ofA the side thereof. Such tops of the rotary cern projections, esvveii es of the rentra'nt surfaces or curves on'jtsh-be k operetioitsevee frictione] l wili he in equal to the desired selected' rete of change E eo adjusted or A i 1 con eilcct the return. inrch method oi operc- The roterjv'j usted to the cem piece 1 movement ofthe diaphragm.

difhcnities, enjd'is'deeirebie, eeneciolir i? thi cern proiectionsere spared ier enough :inert to perxnitsciieient emplitude of the remrn in the preferred operation; however, the principe! morement of the diitphregrn e. io end *fro hodiymoVeXnent in which the movements in one direction forced by; rim reni and the return moY/eniente ere hrm :md

cern connects ier imei, os i? elesticiiy Thus, en., outward rnofeinent is' of' forced empiiinde, even when the return movements sind the ire Cnencies conlfform more or 'iess cioeeiy to those of hee eieetic vibration oi the die Phriigm. Ail of .the structurel. icetores herein set forth ere of edvintegc in(iagiei'i'dH entiy o? any timing oi the cern contacte, and the previously described reinemeni if de eign sind operetion of the rotery com. ieee cord with the naturel niovemente'oi the dirik phregm and sides or normal, sire not essentiel the forced peri.. oi the movement@ preierohiy t werd movements asv the dief phregni ere not too vioient or of too greet amphi-,nde for its eieeticity. iff part of the desirebie features he preeerved in suiicient degree, good results me loe obtained ibjf triei ediustinents 0i the i istonce of the e irom the diaphragm and rotation oi 'the fit e speed which wiii give the reqnired riem? loer oi cern contacts er second.

r the oid@ to permit Vibration on both Wemding.

The frequency o t e com contacte end rei?,

suiting diephrogm displacements may die ihregm may bev selected so that irais@ will have the seme natural ire ueneyf. g In the above cese of party forcedend )ertly free movements, ii e horn or resonator 1s used having e pronounced ristoro! fre uency, the netural vihreto'ry movements t ediephregm Will tend to harmonize with the nei-turni frequencies of the horn, so that Within limits, the net-drei frequencies ofthe diephregm become the same as the n: frequencies `oi the horn. i

The motive power adopted to the speed oi the cern, end vthis is oi adventoge m (connection with mi. outiit edepted to herewith shi he the' same es e netnrel note oi the horn, sind the ofw iermit some siip or 'variation oi operate anywhere neer the naturel vibre tory rete oi' th device, heczruse vit per mits the'speed to automatically eccoefiinodate itself to the easier modes or rotes of v1# bretion which, for e certain ronge of speed,

will be found to be the nearest naturel or resreo one factor wiil make possible eess degree ci' l perfection in another factor.' For exernpie,1 when the weer piece on the diephragm is o very small altitrf-v kfas compared with its base, the pitch ot trie cani surta-ces bein-- creased .llepce While certain ol myfclaim' are very broad, others otthem specify one or the other or-several ot the desirable variables,

'and incertain claims ot the latter classthe cam surfaces are defined as being ol" low pitch. lt will he understood that this ex i pression is used mainlvwlth reference to the operating perfectly in phase so that the cam ioremgr movements` occur oni)v during` the natural outward swing of the diaphragm,

bntlisoiLl greater importance in case ol" "ont- (it-phase" operation due to wide variations ot speed in starting or stopping"T or to excessive speed or faulty adiustment while running. y

, it will be understood that the thrust or displacement ot the diaphragm is a function ot the'shape and arrangement of both thedriving and the driven i'nemoers and that in the drawings the cam action results from development of the cam surlaces on both members. Obviously, the proportion ot the cam 'thrust ati'orded by each is capable of Wide varia- Jtion between the extremes where all of the cam thrust or displacement is ali'orded b v one member or by the other member..

The rotary ycam for agitatingr the diaphragm, as herein described and claimed, may Vin certain Veases have but a single cam projection, and in a special case ma)v consist of an eccentric, which, as will be understood, is a form ol' cam of the latter class, 'lhis shoulder may bc a radial, undercut or more or less gradually sloping curve.

Vit will be understood that the cam need not be formed and adjusted so that the ontact piece will remain in contact wit h and l'ollow the periphery into the cam depressions though this arromplishes desirable res-nils, since very line results may be'arhieved u here only the outermost portions ol the cam projections will engaee the Contact piece oranvil in its normal position, ln such ease, the diaphragm is thrown clear oi the top ol the cam at high velocity, and the cam depressionsv are deep enough so that the movement olthe dia phragrm is free and natural up to the time ol' engagement with the. next succeeding ea m.

A very desirable material l'or the diaphragm is a iine quality steel abouty 3,/1 d() or l/illll of an inch in diameter, Thisv n'mie'rial is very durable especially when properljr clamped between the cork washers 54, ot' Figi. o'. A diaphragm ot about 2/10() inch @sense y-t-liielmess and about 6 inches in diameter, clamped at the periphery so as to leave about 5 inches clear, is well adapted tor satisfactory operation at an amplitude ot onel to two-sixteenths of an ineh b v cam displacement-s occurring at frequencies ot, say, or 500 per second.

The diaphragm .53 and the contact or wear piece Fill, Tt), 71, 7l forming part thereof, disclosed herein and shown more particularly in Figs. S) and l0, has been patented to me in Letters Patent ot the United States No. 853,643, granted March 31st, i908. The claims therein are limited to the invention involved in the parts above spccitied and the broader subject matter of the combination of suelrdiaphragm with the rotary cam has been reserved for this application, as specificallyv set forth in the specification ot-said patent. I Y

1While. l have hereinabove set forth certain desirable principles of proportioning of parts and rates oi operation thereof, it Will be understood that many ot the structural fea* tures of' my present invention do not depend upon such special matters. lt will also be understood that While I have herein fully shown and' described, and have pointed out iu the appended claims certain novel features of construction, arrangement, and operation which characterize my invention,v it will be' understood by those skilled in the art that various omisslons, substitutions, and changes in the forms, proportions, sizes, and details ot the device and of its operation, ina-y be made without depart-ing from the scope of my claims.

l do not claim herein the features of resonator with base of large diameter or with llared open end, nor'do 'i claim the cork clamping Washer for the diaphragm, nor the drain holes for the front Wallet the diaphragm case, either separately or in combination with the diiiplu'agm and cam. The claims hereof though closcljT related to certain ol the broader claims of my com anion application Serial No. 305,933, filed i arch 14th, dini, are distinguished therefrom in that the claims hei-col` are directed to the cam as a means for agitating the diaphragm. Such claims as do not specify a cam are directed to features not-shown or described in, Isaid companion application.

The rotary cam and diaphragm projection shown in Fig. 3 are covered by the broad claims hereof, but the specific forms of cam and diaphragm projection covered in the more speeiiir claims hereof are the symmetrieal l'orms which are shown in the remaining turni-es and which are adapted to operate in ..eit her direction ol' rotation ot the rotar)T cam.`

'The Forni ol Fig. 3 is claimed in my com-k panion application Serial No. 457,710.

-l claim:

l. ln an alarm or signaling apparatus, a

intervention of'fan'y elastic or cushioning medium.

15. In an alarm horn' or signaling appara-v tus, a vibratory member, a rotary cam for agitating the same and a liexible shaft for driving said rotary cam, in combination with a friction Wheel connected to said flexible shaft and means for moving said friction Wheel into frictional engagement. with .la moving part of the motor, substantially as described.

16. In an alarm or signaling device of the class described, a casing `inclosing a diaphragm, a Wear piece, and a rotary displacing member adapted to engage said Wear piece, 1n combination with an oil discharge opening in said case, said parts being constructed and arranged so that oil from said opening may be discharged on said rotary member and thence driven by centrifugal force to said Wear piece, substantially as described.

17. In an'alarm or signaling apparatus of thg class described, a diaphragm, a high speed rotary cam adapted to contact With Ksaid. diaphragm, and a bearing for the shaft of said cam, all arranged for operation With said cam in a position over said bearing, an axial passage in said cam shaft leading from above said cam and terminating below. said,

cam at a point adjacent said bearingin 'cornbinatron Wlth means for 4discharging oil into said. passage at a point above said cam rrhereby such oil ma ultimately reach the cam face, substantia y as and for the purpose set forth.

In an alarm horn or signaling device, e .shi-nation of a case having openings n, a diaphragm, a rotary displacing and a shaft therefor passing through one .h opening, an oil cup on the Ease in line i the sha-it and mounted in the other such means for attachingA the case to n. s 'cert right angles to the axis or said shalt, the connections`v of the oil cup .r and the shaft being reversible, substantially as described. l

3.9. ln/an alarm horn or signaling device, the combination of a case having openings therein, a diaphragm, a rotary displacing member a( apted to vibrate said diaphragm and c shaft refer passing through one such opening, an cii cup on the case in line with the shaft and mounted in the other such openingi and means for attaching the case to mbar adapted to vibrate said diaphragm mounted oncne side and adjustable to andl from the diaphraginon the other side, the

two sides of said Hearing being symmetrical with respect to the axis ci said rotary member and formed so as to support said rotary memberin the same relation to the diaphragm When the position oi' said bearing is reversed,

substantially as described.

2l. in an alarm' horn or signaling apparatus, a vibra-tory diaphragm, a rotary car'nfmn 7'5 actuating the same, having its axis arrangel at ri ht angles to the grain of the metal oi the ,i diap ragni, substantially as described.

22@ -In an alarm or signaling apparatus of the class described, 'an elastic diaphragm, in combination with a rotary cam adapted to engage said diaphragm, the relative position and the formation of the coperating sura faces of engagement of said parts being such that the princi al vibration of said diaphragm is a bodi y movement, Wholly on one side of normal and then on the other, for the purpose described. y

23. In an alarm or signaling apparatus of the class described, an elastic diaphragm, in combination with a rotary cam, and a projection on said diaphragm, the altitude of the engaging face of said projection being slightly greater than the'. amplitude of the vibrations of the diaphragm caused by said cam, for the purpose described.

24. In an alarm or signaling apparatus of the class described, an elastic diaphragm, in combination with a rotary cam, and a projection on said diaphragm, the altitude oi thev engaging face of said projection being slightly greater than the depth of the cam depresf sions on the peripherv of 'rotary cam, for the purpose describe 25. In an alarm or signaling apparatus of the class described, an elastic diaphragm, in combination With a rotary cam, and a projection on the diaphragm adapted to be engaged by said cani, the shape of the contacting surfaces andratio of base to altitude of the diaphragm projection.- being such that the lines of thrust the earn, perp dicnlar to the points of Contact with the diaphragm projection, fall within 'the oi the projection, the purpose dcscrioed.

26. In an alarm or signa the class described, an elastic gm, in combination With a rotary cam, i a pro CJ i ection on the diaphragm, the form and pitch elastic stress and for releasing .the same so as esatto 5,

projections .of lowrpitch and said Contact piece havirigan altitude less than the diameterofzth'e base, substatially as described.

28. lilanv alarm voreigiialing apparatus of the class described, lanelastio diaphragm, a

. rotar r cam, "and' a contact rpiece. rigidlyv se-. cure on the dia hragm, the relative osi'i tionsof .the 'diep ragm 'projection au the'' a.- suitable support, @a diaphragm and a ros.'

cam, 'and'gflthe ,formatiolr of' 'theyfeont acting surfaeesofleaeh being sueh' vthat lthe parteI have straight lingeolitaot' alonglines arallfel witheaclrotheraitd with the axis of t e oem,

for the purpose desefribweml.Vv

29,.; In, au kalarm or signaling* apparatus of f the class"deserfibed,V an elastic, d1ahragm.. and alcoiita'ct piece thereon, in com mation; with a 'rotary cam, the coutaotfisurfaces 'ofA ysaid cam' and `of said Contact ieoe being formed on ysubstantially paralleli lines, together with traiisverse studs or bolts engage ing suitable openings at the periphery 'of said diaphragm and adapted to maintairi'the parallel'relation of the Contact lines of said dia hragm Contact with the contact-linesy of sai cam, for the purpose described. f 80. 'In a signal or alarm of the class described, au elastic diaphragm, in combir1ation with a rotary cam formed and arranged forbodily displacing the central portions of said diaphragm so as to put them under to, permit substantially free elastic reverse movement of said diaphragm, or'the purpese described.

31. In analarm. orsignaling,apparatus,v a.

horn or resonator anda diaphragm therefor, ifi a rotary cam,l a case in j diragm inclosiug said rotarjr cam, and'jadjstable means extending lthroughthe case for adjusting said cam to- 'wardand from said diaphragm.

la an aiarm or signaling apparatus, a

f horn orreson'ator and a diaphragm thereffjbir,

the rear of said diaphragm inolosing `said rotary cam, adjustable meansextendingv through ,the case `for adjustingsaid clam to- Ward and from said diaphragm, and means lookin said adjusting means'ii" 33.V n an alarm or'signalmg apparatus,

tar f cam,A in combination with abearin for 'sai 'eam,-.said bearing bemg mounts axis Aofsaid,cana, 'W adjusted to" rid fro' said diaphragm.,

i j 34. In en alarm or si maling ap aratus, a

cam', in com mation with a bearing for said cam, said vbearing being mountedfor adjustment/'about au axis-eccentric to the axis of said eem, a'rear casing molosing said cam, ande serew adapted to be operated from merit about an axis eccentric to the axis ofv said cam, arear casing inclosing said cam, and adjustable means carrying a lock nut,

extending through the casing and adapted.

to be operated from the outside of said casing, for adjusting said bearing about said axis and for locking the parts i1`1 the adjust- .,edgiosition. igned at New New York and State of New York this 14th day of May A. D. 1907.

MILLER REESE HUTCHISON. Vlitnesses: j

ANITA BURKE,

IRVING M. OBRIEGHT.

for, adjustment about an axis e'ceutrie to. the;

erebysaid cam may be at outsideof the casing for adjusting said bear-eA suitable sup ort, a' diep agm an a rotary.

York city in the county otA 

